Rare birds in the Netherlands in 2009

Arjan Ovaa, Dick Groenendijk, Max Berlijn & CDNA

This is the 30th annual report on rare birds in the Netherlands to be published in Dutch Birding. This report comprises records from 2009 as well as belated and reconsidered records, dating back to 1869, which have been evaluated by the Dutch rarities committee, the Commissie Dwaalgasten Nederlandse Avifauna (CDNA). Several 2009 records are still under review or awaiting submission and could therefore not be included. In addition, some records for 2008 and earlier years are still under consideration for various reasons.

Details included for each record are, if available: date(s); location and/or municipality (municipal divisions as on 1 January 2009); province; number of birds if more than one, plumage and sex; type of record if trapped, photographed, sound-recorded, videoed or found dead (and where specimen is stored); names of up to three observers involved in finding, identifying and recording, and relevant references in the literature, which normally include (inter)national but not regional journals, and published photographs. Records from 2008 lasting into 2009 that already have been published in the 2008 report (Ovaa et al 2009) are repeated here without reference, for the sake of completeness. Observations not (yet) submitted but mentioned in the 2008 report are not repeated in this report. Sequence of the records in the species accounts is from the current year backwards, with records within one year presented chronologically. A compilation of most rarities videoed can be found in Plomp (2010). Numbers after each (sub)species' name refer to the total number of individuals 1 from 1 January 1800 to 31 December 1979, 2 since 1 January 1980 but excluding 3 the current year. Taxa marked with an asterisk * are new to the Dutch list.

The following CDNA members voted on some or all of the records in this report: Rob S A van Bemmelen, Ruud E Brouwer, Dick Groenendijk (chairman), Frank Neijts, Arjan Ovaa, Willem van Rijswijk (secretary), Roy Slaterus, Laurens B Steijn and Arend Wassink. Max Berlijn supported the committee as non-voting archivist and assisted in submitting many records published on national and regional websites. Records can be submitted through e-mail (cdna@dutchbirding.nl) via the CDNA page on www.dutchbirding.nl, using an electronic submission form. Furthermore, submitting a record is also facilitated by filling in this form after entering a record on www.waarneming.nl. Records can also be sent by ordinary mail to CDNA, Duinlustparkweg 98A, 2082 EG Santpoort-Zuid, the Netherlands, preferably using standard forms which can be obtained free of charge from CDNA. On the Dutch Birding website, information is shown on either recently accepted or rejected records as well as records currently under review.

Decisions regarding taxonomy have been delegated to the Dutch committee for avian systematics (Commissie Systematiek Nederlandse Avifauna; CSNA), which on 1 January 2009 consisted of the following members: Arnoud B van den Berg, André J van Loon, C S (Kees) Roselaar and George Sangster (secretary).

In 2009, at least 359 species were recorded, just below average for the last 10 years (figure 1). Two are new to the Dutch list: Caspian Plover Charadrius asiaticus and Long-toed Stint Calidris subminuta. The only Dutch record of Canvasback Aythya valisineria of a bird first seen on 9 January 2003 and recorded in most winters until November 2009 (except during the winters of 2003/04 and 2004/05), was reject ed after review. It became known that a wing-clip was present on the bird's left wing. The record of an Oriental Turtle Dove Streptopelia orientalis from January 2010 into April 2010 but possibly from December 2009 is still under consideration to clarify the exact dates of its presence (cf Ebels et al 2010). The Dutch list now numbers 498 species. Other highlights for 2009 included the second Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus and Baltimore Oriole Icterus galbula, fourth Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus, sixth Isabelline Wheatear Oenanthe isabellina, sixth to eighth Alpine Accentor Prunella collaris, seventh Eurasian Crag Martin Ptyonoprogne rupestris and Black-throated Thrush Turdus atrogularis, and seventh and eighth Pallas's Grasshopper Warbler Locustella certhiola. In addition, 2009 was a good year for American Golden Plover Pluvialis dominica, Pacific Golden Plover P fulva, Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus, and Citrine Wagtail Motacilla citreola, all with three records, Ross's Goose Anser rossii with five individuals, Buff-breasted Sandpiper Tryngites ruficollis with six records, and Pallid Harrier Circus macrourus with eight records.

Systematic list of records

Ross's Goose / Ross' Gans
Anser rossii 0,6,5
9 May, Banckspolder, Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, adult, blue morph, photographed, videoed (M Bot, M van Vliet, C Blouw et al); 28 September to 18 October and 21 October, several sites, Texel, Noord-Holland, four, adult, white morph, photographed (E Boot et al; Dutch Birding 31: 393, plate 542-543, 2009), and 20 October, Huisduinerpolder, Den Helder, Noord-Holland, photographed (E B Ebels et al); 21 November, Slikken van Flakkee, Dirksland, Zuid-Holland, adult (V van der Spek); 29 November, Wolsum, Wymbritseradiel, Friesland, adult, photographed (A B van den Berg, F Cottaar et al); 5 December, Goedereede, Zuid-Holland, adult, photographed (K van Rij); 14 December, Pikgat, Zierikzee, Schouwen-Duiveland, Zeeland, adult, photographed; 16 December, Zierikzee, Schouwen-Duiveland, two adults, photographed (E Dansette); 19 December, Haamstede, Schouwen-Duiveland, Zeeland, adult, photographed (M van der Schalk; Dutch Birding 32: 64, plate 78, 2010); 29 December, Koudekerksche Inlaag, Schouwen-Duiveland, Zeeland, photographed (P van den Hoek).
The bird on Schiermonnikoog concerned the first blue morph for the Netherlands; it is a most exceptional record, because blue-morph Ross's Goose is an extremely rare morph, also in North America (cf Berlijn 1999). The four adult white-morph birds on Texel, Noord-Holland, were widely regarded as fresh arrivals from North America. From Texel, the four made a brief visit to the nearby mainland, still as a group. However, only single birds were seen afterwards in some of the regular geese areas in the Delta area and the northern provinces. Also because the species was not recorded in the previous two winters, it is assumed that the group of four had split and the individual birds associated with other geese flocks. In addition, based on the pattern of black feathers in the wing, probably one of them had reached Poland in early March 2010. All observers during the winter of 2009/10 are asked to submit additional data to clarify the movements of these birds.

Greenland White-fronted Goose / Groenlandse Kolgans
Anser albifrons flavirostris 14,66,1
9 October to 22 November, Hoorn, Terschelling, Friesland, adult, photographed, videoed (A Ouwerkerk, M Feenstra, J Vink et al).
2005 12 November, Kampereiland, Kampen, Overijssel, photographed (G J ter Haar, C Fikkert et al).

Canvasback / Grote Tafeleend
Aythya valisineria 0,0,0
The CDNA reviewed the record of an adult male at Noordhollands Duinreservaat, Castricum, Noord-Holland, in most winters from January 2003 to at least 15 November 2009 (it was not seen in the winters of 2003/04 and 2004/05). Photographs taken in January 2008 (five years after its first sighting!) showed that the bird wore a metal wing-clip (most likely the remains of a wing-tag) on its left wing for which the CDNA was not able to retrace the origin, despite extensive research. The wing-clip may have been applied either on a wild bird trapped for research or a bird in captivity. However, it is certain that the bird has been handled by men and, in combination with the uncertain origin of the wing-clip, the CDNA concluded this individual no longer acceptable. The CDNA is, however, still anxious to receive any information on the use of wing-tags especially in wild Nearctic Aythya ducks.

Ring-necked Duck / Ringsnaveleend
Aythya collaris 5,25,1
12 April, Hoogekampse Plas, De Bilt, Utrecht, adult male, photographed, videoed (B de Knegt, T de Groot et al).
1985 27 March to 18 April, Noordhollands Duinreservaat, Castricum, Noord-Holland (N F van der Ham, J Apperloo).
The 1985 record concerns a date extension; the bird was already accepted for 27 March to 17 April (van den Berg & Bosman 2001).

Lesser Scaup / Kleine Topper
Aythya affinis 0,6,2
16 January and 19-31 March, Waterpark Oude Zeug, Wieringermeer, Noord-Holland, adult male, photographed, videoed (B Woets, J Vlot, C Brinkman et al; Dutch Birding 31: 199, plate 226, 2009); 18 March to 14 April, Waterpark Oude Zeug, Wieringermeer, Noord-Holland, adult male, photographed, videoed (F Visscher et al).
The first record since 2004, and the first time that two were seen together. After the discovery on 18 March, photographs taken earlier at this site showed that at least one was present already on 16 January 2009. The birds were individually recognizable by slight differences in head profile and bill markings.

Surf Scoter / Brilzee-eend
Melanitta perspicillata 3,21,1
10 May, Slufter, Texel, Noord-Holland, adult male, photographed (B Gaxiola, R Pop et al; Dutch Birding 31: 188, plate 207, 2009).
This bird stayed just one evening on a saltmarsh close to the shore. It was loosely associated with a group of Common Eiders Somateria mollissima, displaying to females and being chased off by males.

Bufflehead / Buffelkopeend
Bucephala albeola 0,1,0
17 October into 2010, Gaatkensplas and surroundings, Barendrecht, Zuid-Holland, adult male, photographed.
2008 4 October to 25 May 2009, Gaatkensplas and surroundings, Barendrecht, Zuid-Holland, adult male, photographed.
This returning male stayed at Gaatkensplas and surroundings for its sixth consecutive winter.

American Wigeon / Amerikaanse Smient
Anas americana 5,52,3
9-16 March, Autrichepolder, Hulst, Zeeland, male, photographed (L Bekaert, P A Wolf, D Camerlinck et al); 12 April, Kroonspolders, Vlieland, Friesland, first-summer male, photographed (A Kause, C Zuhorn), and 15-17 April, Dijkgatsweide, Wieringermeer, Noord-Holland, first-summer male, photographed (O Zijlstra et al), and 19-25 and 27 April and 29 April to 1 May, Robbenjager, Texel, Noord-Holland, first-summer male, photographed (J F J J Jansen et al; Dutch Bird ing 31: 202, plate 230, 2009), and 26-28 April, Mariëndal, Den Helder, Noord-Holland, first-summer male, photographed (M Renden, R E Brouwer, H Post et al); 24 September, Groene Jonker, Zevenhoven, Nieuwkoop, male, photographed (H Prinsen, D van der Laan, R Dijs et al).
1986 30 April to 5 May, Jaaps Deensgat, Lauwersmeer, De Marne, Groningen, male (E B Ebels, P M Gnodde, T M F Kompier).
This is the most frequent vagrant dabbling duck species. The series of sightings in the north-western part of the country (Vlieland, Wieringermeer, Texel and Den Helder) are assumed to concern the same first-summer male (commuting almost 30 km between Texel and Mariëndal on 27 April), making a total of at least three for 2009. The 1986 record concerns a date extension; it was previously accepted for 30 April and 1 May (van den Berg & Bosman 2001).

Green-winged Teal / Amerikaanse Wintertaling
Anas carolinensis 6,43,3
19 March to 12 April, Anna-Friso Inlaag, Noord-Beveland, Zeeland, male, photographed (M Hoekstein, A Ovaa et al); 11 and 13 April, Achter de Zwarten, Lauwersmeer, De Marne, Groningen, and 20-26 April and 1-4 May, Ezumakeeg, Dongeradeel, Friesland, male, photographed (R Cazemier, R Winters et al); 21-25 April, Sliedrechtse Biesbosch, Dordrecht, Zuid-Holland, male, photographed (T van der Es, T O V Muusse).
1996 21 April to 17 May, Keihoogte, Wissenkerke, Noord-Beveland, Zeeland, male (P A Wolf).
The 1996 record concerns a date extension of a bird previously accepted from 21 April to 16 May (van den Berg & Bosman 2001).

Marbled Duck / Marmereend
Marmaronetta angustirostris 0,1,0
A well-watched bird near Westkapelle, Zeeland, on 8-20 July (Dutch Birding 31: 324, plate 425, 2009) is still under consideration to establish its status.

Great Shearwater / Grote Pijlstormvogel
Puffinus gravis 9,7,1
7 January, Dishoek, Veere, Zeeland, tideline corpse, photographed, collected (skin retained at Nederlands Centrum voor Biodiversiteit Naturalis, Leiden) (J Goedbloed; Dutch Birding 31: 136, plate 149, 2009).
Interestingly, most records (nine of 17) date from November-February.

Wilsons's Storm Petrel / Wilsons Stormvogeltje
Oceanites oceanicus 0,1,0
Flood & Thomas (2007) published a detailed paper about the identification of 'black-and white' storm petrels of the North Atlantic. Using their information, the only record of Wilson's Storm Petrel, past Westkapelle, Zeeland, on 7 November 2002 (Hoekstein et al 2002, van der Vliet et al 2004) was reconsidered. The conclusion of the re-evaluation was that it remains acceptable.

Atlantic Great Cormorant / Grote Aalscholver
Phalacrocorax carbo carbo 7,35,-
2008 5-16 January, Hoornse Meer, Groningen, Groningen, second-winter, photographed (R Winters et al); 16 May to 2 July, Neeltje Jans, Veere, Zeeland, adult, photographed (P A Wolf, S Lilipaly); 21 September to 7 December, De Mussels, Beilen, Drenthe, second-calendar year, photographed (E de Weerd, W-J Fontijn, P van Wetter et al).
1938 31 December, Zandvoort, Noord-Holland, adult, collected (skin retained at Nederlands Centrum voor Biodiversiteit Naturalis, Leiden; collection number RMNH IB144).
The specimen from 1938 was found during a museum study of Great Cormorant specimens by two CDNA members. It was correctly labelled as Atlantic Great Cormorant but had never been formally accepted on the Dutch list. The bird at Hoornse Meer was observed not only on 16 January as mentioned in last year's report (Ovaa et al 2009) but stayed there for almost two weeks, together with a second individual on 5-6 January 2008. The total of accepted individuals for 2008 now stands at 13. The bird at Neeltje Jans in 2008 was nesting in a colony of Continental Great Cormorants P c sinensis and its partner probably was a sinensis. It is noteworthy that in 2009, the first year that Atlantic Great Cormorant was no longer considered by the CDNA, the maximum number of this subspecies on Neeltje Jans was 15, including three breeding pairs. The CDNA still welcomes reports from before 1 January 2009.

Green Heron / Groene Reiger
Butorides virescens 0,1,0
25 May to 19 July, Zaandam, Zaanstad, Noord-Holland, adult, photograph ed, sound-recorded (W den Boer, R Dingerdis et al; Birding World 22: 232, 2009, Dutch Birding 31: 260, plate 320, 2009).
This returning bird summered at Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, and Zaandam in 2006 and 2007 but was not seen in 2008 (or 2010), and spent three winters at Berre near Camargue, Bouches-du-Rhône, France, where it was last seen on 6 May 2009.

Squacco Heron / Ralreiger
Ardeola ralloides 25(since 1866),50,3
14 May to 1 June, Augustapolder, Bergen op Zoom, Noord-Brabant, photographed (P Westerbeeke, S Lilipaly, P A Wolf et al; Dutch Birding 31: 260, plate 319, 2009); 19 June, Willeskop and Polsbroekerdam, Oudewater, Utrecht, adult, summer plumage, photographed (F Engelen, A Boele, L Kramer et al; Dutch Birding 31: 266, plate 328, 2009); 3 July, Schellinkhout, Drechterland, Noord-Holland (G Kenter et al).
2008 4 June, Golfbaan Rozenstein, Wassenaar, Zuid-Holland, adult, summer plumage (A Steenvoorden, B van den Burg, G de Croock et al).

Black-winged Kite / Grijze Wouw
Elanus caeruleus 1,2,1
22 May, Oud-Alblas, Graafstroom, Zuid-Holland, adult, photographed (P Bieren, C Aantjes, G Rijneveld et al; Stip 2009; Dutch Birding 31: 268, plate 334-335, 2009).
The bird stayed only for 35 min, hunting and resting in the area, and was mobbed by a Carrion Crow Corvus corone before it disappeared to the south-west. There are three previous records, on 31 May 1971, on 29-31 March 1998 and from 4 June to 23 August 2000.

Egyptian Vulture / Aasgier
Neophron percnopterus 0,1,1
25 April, Polder Waard-Nieuwland, Wieringen, Noord-Holland, 5th or 6th calendar-year, photographed (F Visscher; Visscher 2009; Dutch Birding 31: 203, plate 234, 209, plate 242-243, 2009).
The bird was resting in a ploughed field at c 08:30. It was disturbed at c 09:00 by a noisy geese deterring device, disappearing in a north-westerly direction, before other birders could connect. The dark bill-tip indicative for the nominate subspecies N p percnopterus was noed. A report of what may have been the same bird flying over east of Castricum, Noord-Holland, at 11:15 on the same day has not (yet) been submitted. The first record was at Epen, Limburg, on 24-25 May 2001.

Short-toed Snake Eagle / Slangenarend
Circaetus gallicus 3,43,3
21 to at least 30 May (possibly 28 June), Fochteloërveen, Noordenveld, Drenthe/Ooststellingwerf, Friesland, second calendar-year, photographed (B den Braber, S Scholten et al); at least 29 June (possibly 31 May) to 15 August, Fochteloërveen, Noordenveld, Drenthe/Ooststellingwerf, Friesland, adult, photographed (J van Oostveen, G Meeuwissen, P Soer et al); 29 August, De Hamert, Bergen, Limburg, photographed (W Thijs, F Jongbloed, A Kause).
2004 29 October, IJmeerdijk, Almere, Flevoland, juvenile, photographed.
From 31 May to 28 June, a bird was seen (almost) daily at Fochteloërveen but it is not clear whether this was the second calendar-year (first seen on 23 May) or the adult bird (last seen on 15 August); the 'minimum dates' are based on examination of photographs published at www.waarneming.nl. The date of the 2004 record in van der Vliet et al (2005) was incorrect; this bird was observed on 29 October, not 27 October.

Pallid Harrier / Steppekiekendief
Circus macrourus 5,34,8
10 April, Breskens, Sluis, Zeeland, adult male, photographed (P A Wolf, J de Bruijn, H Zevenhuizen et al); 11 April, Breskens, Sluis, Zeeland, adult male, photographed (J de Bruijn, H Zevenhuizen, P A Wolf et al); 22 April, Vughtse Gement, Vught, Noord-Brabant, second calendar-year, photographed (L Portengen); 24 April, Kamperhoek, Dronten, Flevoland, first-summer, photographed (G J ter Haar, G Mensink et al; Dutch Birding 31: 202, plate 228, 2009); 25 April, Bantpolder, Dongeradeel, Friesland, first-summer, photographed (R W J Mulder, J Bosch et al; Dutch Birding 31: 202, plate 229, 2009); 19 September, Den Oever, Wieringen, Noord-Holland, juvenile, photographed (P Boltjens); 4 October, Waterland, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, juvenile, photographed (B van den Broek); 8 October, Polder de Biesbosch, Dordrecht, Zuid-Holland, juvenile, photographed (H Gebuis; Dutch Birding 31: 394, plate 544, 2009).
2008 27 June, Matsloot, Noordenveld, Drenthe, and Hoogkerk, Groningen, Groningen, male, at least third calendar-year (M Olthoff).
The best year ever with eight birds, all flying past, and most seen at migration watch-points in spring. Two passing the famous spring migration watch-point Breskens within two days is unprecedented; since 2003, five have been recorded here. Another good watch-point in spring for this species is Eemshaven, Groningen, in the extreme north-east, with six records. The bird on 8 October was caption ed as 'first-year male' in Dutch Birding 31: 394, plate 544, 2009, but the CDNA was not fully convinced that this bird actually showed a pale iris and preferred to leave it unsexed.

Long-legged Buzzard / Arendbuizerd
Buteo rufinus 1,5,0
2005 3 October, Burgh-Haamstede, Schouwen-Duiveland, Zeeland, immature, photographed (T Koppejan, E Sanders; Dutch Birding 27: 431, plate 535, 2005).

Greater Spotted Eagle / Bastaardarend
Aquila clanga 15,12,1
24-25 April, Delden, Hof van Twente, Overijssel, first-year (via U Sellis).
This Greater Spotted Eagle (named 'Tõnn') had been tagged with a GPS transmitter (and colour-ringed with a white ring with inscription 7F) as a chick on the nest in western Estonia in August 2008 (www.looduskalender.ee/en/node/2402). In autumn 2008, it had been followed through Germany and France into Spain where it wintered at El Hondo reservoir, Alicante, until 13 April 2009 (Reeber et al 2009, Der Falke 56: 34-35, 2009). On its return migration, it roosted overnight near Delden without actually being seen by anyone, entering the Netherlands at 16:30 and leaving it again at 09:00 (Dutch Bird ing 31: 53, 191, 373, 2009). This is the first rarity to be accepted by the CDNA based on a GPS reading alone.

Little Crake / Klein Waterhoen
Porzana parva 36,13,1
3-26 August, Groene Jonker, Nieuwkoop, Zuid-Holland, juvenile, photographed (K Janmaat, E Brandes, M Wustenhoff et al).
This bird was present at the very same site where Baillon's Crakes P pusilla bred successfully in the same year (van der Meer et al 2010) but, in contrast with the Baillon's, which attract ed large numbers of birders some weeks previously, its presence was known to only a handful.

Collared Pratincole / Vorkstaartplevier
Glareola pratincola 5,17,1
20-21 May, Westkapelle, Veere, Zeeland, photographed (F Arts, I Goedbloed et al).

Black-winged Pratincole / Steppevorkstaartplevier
Glareola nordmanni 12,24,1
29 October to 20 November, Oudeland van Strijen, Strijen, Zuid-Holland, photographed, videoed (A van der Linden, L van der Linden, T J C Luijendijk et al; Birding World 22: 453, 2009, Dutch Birding 32: 67, plate 83, 2010).

* Caspian Plover / Kaspische Plevier
Charadrius asiaticus 0,0,1
17-20 October, Den Hoorn, Texel, Noord-Holland, first-winter, photographed, videoed (M Janse, G A Morel, A Wassink et al; Janse & Morel 2009; Dutch Birding 31: 371, plate 495, 390, plate 539, 404, plate 566-567, 2009; Birding World 23: 27, 2010).
The bird was found by a birder searching for one of the American Golden Plovers Pluvialis dominica present on the island and, quite often, both species could be seen in the same view. In the afternoon of 20 October, the Caspian Plover was flying off in a southerly direction, calling loudly. Interestingly, another first-year was present on Røst, Nordland, Norway, on 20-21 October 2009. These were only the 10th and 11th for north-western Europe and the firsts in October.

American Golden Plover / Amerikaanse Goudplevier
Pluvialis dominica 1,25,3
22 September to 3 November, several sites, Texel, Noord-Holland, adult, photographed (V Stork, A Wassink, P Duin et al; Dutch Birding 31: 391, plate 540-541, 396, plate 549, 2009); 8-18 October, Den Hoorn, Texel, Noord-Holland, adult, photographed (J D Eerdmans, W Wind, D Paalvast et al; Dutch Birding 31: 396, plate 550, 2009); 6-8 November, Den Hoorn, Texel, Noord-Holland, juvenile, photographed (E Menkveld, A Wassink et al; Dutch Birding 32: 68, plate 86, 2010).
All three records were on Texel, which brings the total for this island to seven, almost a quarter of the total number.

Pacific Golden Plover / Aziatische Goudplevier
Pluvialis fulva 9,28,3
16 May, Banckspolder, Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, adult, summer plumage, photographed, videoed (B Wielstra, N van Houtum, S Rijnbeek et al); 3-5 July, Polder Zeeburg, Texel, Noord-Holland, adult, summer plumage, photograph ed (V Stork, A Wassink et al; Dutch Birding 31: 326, plate 430, 2009); 19-21 July, De Putten, Bergen, Noord-Holland, adult, summer plumage, photographed (R Alberts, E Menkveld et al; Dutch Birding 31: 326, plate 431, 2009).
2007 28-31 August, Workumerwaard, Workum, Friesland, adult, summer plumage, photographed (J D Eerdmans, P de Vries, A Vink et al).
The dates of the 2007 record in Ovaa et al (2009) were incorrect; this bird was observed on 28-31 August, not 28-31 July.

lesser golden plover / kleine goudplevier
Pluvialis dominica/fulva 0,4,1
22-23 May, Kwade Hoek, Goedereede, Zuid-Holland, adult, summer plumage, photographed (G Tanis, M Sluijter).

* Long-toed Stint / Taigastrandloper
Calidris subminuta 0,0,1
22-28 October, Vreugderijkerwaard, Zwolle, Overijssel, juvenile, photographed, videoed (M Bot, H Pohlmann, M Zekhuis et al; Bot et al 2009, 2010; Dutch Birding 31: 396, plate 552, 406, plate 568-569, 2009; Birding World 23: 27, 2010).
The bird was discover ed at an inland locality foraging at a great distance and in poor light conditions. Therefore, the identification was not clinched before the next day during much better viewing conditions. Its small size, lack of primary projection, strong double 'tram-lines' on the upperparts, greenish-yellow legs, dark forehead and toes projecting beyond the tail in flight excluded Least Sandpiper C minutilla. It was the sixth for north-western Europe and attracted quite a lot of birders from abroad.

White-rumped Sandpiper / Bonapartes Strandloper
Calidris fuscicollis 1,34,2
2-6 June, Ezumakeeg, Dongeradeel, Friesland, adult, summer plumage, photographed (R Cazemier, A van Reenen et al); 15 October to 22 November, Dijkgatsweide, Wieringermeer, Noord-Holland, juvenile moulting to first-winter, photographed, sound-recorded (F Visscher, L Kelder et al; Dutch Birding 31: 396, plate 551, 2009).
The record at Dijkgatsweide concerns the sixth identified as a first-year. With the exception of a few individuals of undetermined age, all other records refer to adults. There was only one other record for November (on 4-5 November 2001) which means that this was also the latest ever.

Broad-billed Sandpiper / Breedbekstrandloper
Limicola falcinellus 23,91,-
2002 10-11 August, Zuidpier, IJmuiden, Velsen, Noord-Holland, juvenile (J Steenberg)
1990 22-27 May, Lauwersmeer, De Marne, Groningen, adult, summer plumage (A de Bruin, E B Ebels).
This concerns date extensions of birds previously accepted for 22-24 May 1990 (van den Berg & Bosman 2001) and 10 August 2002 (van der Vliet et al 2003). This species is no longer considered since 1 January 2003 but the CDNA still welcomes reports from before this date.

Buff-breasted Sandpiper / Blonde Ruiter
Tryngites ruficollis 3,39,6
14 May, Robbenjager, Texel, Noord-Holland, adult, photographed (W van Rijswijk jr, W van Rijswijk sr); 18 July, Ezumakeeg, Dongeradeel, Friesland, photographed (D Laponder, R van der Vliet, R Cazemier et al); 26 July to 18 August, 't Zand, Zijpe, Noord-Holland, adult, photographed (T Jansen, C Brinkman, A Borhem et al); 14-19 August, Noordzeestrand, Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, adult, photographed (E B Ebels, G A Noorman, J Drijver et al; Dutch Birding 31: 326, plate 429, 2009); 15 August, Kwade Hoek, Goedereede, Zuid-Holland, photographed (G Tanis, P A Wolf, H de Waard et al); 21 August to 5 September, Ezumakeeg, Dongeradeel, Friesland, photograph ed (J Bosma, M Bot, J Bosch et al; Dutch Birding 31: 324, plate 426, 2009).
2008 11-13 June, Waal en Burg, Texel, Noord-Holland, adult, photographed.
2006 13-15 September, Slikken van Flakkee, Dirksland, Zuid-Holland, adult, photographed (P A Wolf et al).
There has been only one year with more records, 2001 with seven, while there were also six records in 2006. A bird reported at Het Rif, Engelsmanplaat, Friesland, on 14 August (c 6 km west of the beach on Schiermonnikoog where one was discovered in the evening of the same day) has not (yet) been submitted. The 2006 and 2008 records were already mentioned in van der Vliet et al (2007) and Ovaa et al (2009), respectively, and concern date extensions.

Great Snipe / Poelsnip
Gallinago media -,32,1
15-16 May, Trilandis, Heerlen, Limburg (M Berlijn, A Ovaa).
2008 7 May, Bovenkerkerpolder, Amstelveen, Noord-Holland (F van der Lans); 16 May (two) and 19 May (one), Randwaarden, Deventer, Overijssel (J Kok, T van der Es, M de Vries et al).
The record on 16 May 2008 is the first of two birds together since this species is considered (from 1 January 1977 onwards; cf van den Berg & Bosman 2001).

Long-billed Dowitcher / Grote Grijze Snip
Limnodromus scolopaceus 0, 21, 1
2 October to 8 November, Jan van den Boschpad, Oostvaardersplassen, Lelystad, Flevoland, first-year, photograph ed, videoed (M van Veen, P Cools, B de Knegt et al; Dutch Birding 31: 395, plate 546, 2009).
Most records have concerned adults and there has been only one previous juvenile (on 22 October 1996). This bird was still largely in juvenile plumage when first observed in early October, indicating a fresh arrival, and during its long stay the moult to first-winter plumage could be closely monitored.

Terek Sandpiper / Terekruiter
Xenus cinereus 1,43,3
15 May, Kwade Hoek, Goedereede, Zuid-Holland, and 16-17 May, Westplaat, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, photographed (G Tanis, P Stins et al); 17 May, Werkendam, Noord-Brabant, photographed (S Terlouw, M Kapoen et al); 4-5 July, Achter de Zwarten, De Marne, Groningen, adult, photographed (R Cazemier, B-J Prak et al).

Lesser Yellowlegs / Kleine Geelpootruiter
Tringa flavipes 2,20,1
1-7 May, De Nederlanden, Texel, Noord-Holland, photographed (J de Raad, L Kooistra, F-J Maas et al; Dutch Birding 31: 264, plate 326, 2009).

Marsh Sandpiper / Poelruiter
Tringa stagnatilis 53,105,-
1992 22 June to 7 August, Oostvaardersplassen, Lelystad, Flevoland, two (B Dijkstra).
1990 18-30 June, Hoeksmeer, Loppersum, Groningen, photographed (D Uit de Weerd).
These are date extensions of birds previously accepted for 18-23 June 1990 and for 22 June to 30 July 1992 (van den Berg & Bosman 2001). This species is no longer considered since 1 January 1993 but the CDNA still welcomes reports from before this date.

Wilson's Phalarope / Grote Franjepoot
Phalaropus tricolor 6,16,0
1987 9-10 June, Jaap Deensgat, Lauwersmeer, De Marne, Groningen, adult female, summer plumage (M Olthoff, H P van der Jeugd, P van Wetter)
This concerns a date extension of a bird previously accepted for 9 June only (van den Berg & Bosman 2001).

Ross's Gull / Ross' Meeuw
Rhodostethia rosea 1,14,0
2008 19 January, Marsdiep, Den Helder, Noord-Holland, adult, winter plumage, photographed (J Janse, M Janse).
This bird passed the Den Helder to Texel ferry and could be photographed. The previous one was in November 2004.

Baltic Gull / Baltische Mantelmeeuw
Larus fuscus fuscus 0,7,1
28-29 November, Hoornse Plas, Groningen, Groningen, first-winter, wearing colour-ring, photographed (M Bot, D Vogt et al).
This bird had been colour-ringed (yellow CKV4 on its right leg) as a pullus near Uusikaarlepyy, Finland, on 13 July 2009. Only birds ringed at a nest in a Baltic Gull colony are currently considered acceptable. A bird wearing a colour-ring photographed at Westkapelle, Zeeland, on 6 October (Dutch Birding 31: 396, plate 547, 2009) is still under consideration.

Roseate Tern / Dougalls Stern
Sterna dougallii 3,27,1
7-9 May, Stellendam, Goedereede, Zuid-Holland, adult, wearing ring, photographed (P A Wolf et al; Dutch Birding 31: 260, plate 321, 2009).
This bird was wearing a metal ring which could be read in the field. It had been ringed in Ireland but no detailed information about its origin was received by the observer.

Pale Barn Owl / Witte Kerkuil
Tyto alba alba 3,3,1
23 July, Swifterbant, Dronten, Flevoland, photographed (R Burgmeijer).
2002 19 May, Burgerbrug, Zijpe, Noord-Holland, adult male, photographed, collected (specimen at Zoologisch Museum Amsterdam) (via C van Rijswijk, W van Rijswijk, C S Roselaar; van Rijswijk 2009; Dutch Birding 31: 361, plate 482-483, 2009).
1885 11 December, Hillegom, Zuid-Holland, male, photographed, collected (specimen at Nederlands Centrum voor Biodiversiteit Naturalis) (via H Rijswijk, C van Rijswijk, W van Rijswijk jr et al; van Rijswijk 2009; Dutch Birding 31: 358, plate 475, 2009).
1869 19 October, Leyduin, Vogelenzang, Bloemendaal, Noord-Holland, male, photographed, collected (specimen at Nederlands Centrum voor Biodiversiteit Naturalis, Leiden) (via H van Rijswijk, C van Rijswijk, W van Rijswijk jr et al; van Rijswijk 2009; Dutch Birding 31: 358, plate 475, 2009).

Snowy Owl / Sneeuwuil
Bubo scandiacus 7,9,0
2008 13 November to 7 February 2009, several sites, Texel, Noord-Holland, first-year female, photographed, videoed, and 8 February, Terschellinger Polder, Terschelling, Friesland, first-year female, photographed (A Ouwerkerk; Dutch Birding 31: 133, plate 143, 2009), and 9 February to 22 March, Buurdergrie, Ameland, first-year female, photographed (B-J Bulsink et al; Dutch Birding 31: 133, plate 133, 2009).
All observations refer to the same individual. Details on Texel sites where this long-stayer was observed and references to published photographs were already mention ed in last year's report (Ovaa et al 2009). Remarkably, the bird's journey eastwards was well followed and, reportedly, it remained at four sites in Nordjylland, Denmark, from 26 March to 18 April (van den Berg & Haas 2009).

Eurasian Pygmy Owl / Dwerguil
Glaucidium passerinum 0,5,0
2008 9 October, Koudum, Nijefurd, Friesland, found dead (skin retained by J de Jong), photographed (B van der Veen, J de Jong); 18 October, Kustweg, Lauwersoog, Groningen, found dead (skin retained by A van den Burg), photographed (A van den Burg, J de Jong).
These two birds bring the total for 2008 to three (one was well twitched at Leenderbos, Noord-Brabant, on 10-11 February 2008). The first was as recent as October 2002, and the second followed in December 2005. Four of the five were found in the two most northern provinces, Friesland and Groningen, which may be an indication for an origin from the nearby breeding areas in Niedersachsen, Germany.

Boreal Owl / Ruigpootuil
Aegolius funereus 34,20,5
24 February to 7 June, Hondsrug, Drenthe, eight (two breeding pairs, one chick fledged, and three unpaired males), photographed, sound-recorded (M Jonker & Werkgroep Ruigpootuilen).
The members of the Werkgroep Ruigpootuilen (Working group for Boreal Owls) put a lot of effort into finding territorial Boreal Owls in Drenthe. One of the breeding pairs stayed in one of the two nesting areas of 2008 while at the other site only the male was still present. Elsewhere, a new breeding pair was found which successfully rais ed one chick, and two unpaired males were calling. For the total, it is assumed that the breeding males of 2008 and 2009 were the same and paired with the same female, although this cannot be proven. More exact information about the sites is not given to minimize the risk of disturbance.

Pallid Swift / Vale Gierzwaluw
Apus pallidus 0,1,0
A report documented by several 'record shots' on Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, on 25 October has not (yet) been submitted.

Alpine Swift / Alpengierzwaluw
Apus melba 7,39,1
3 April, Kamperhoek, Dronten, Flevoland, photographed (W van der Waal, G J ter Haar et al)
The first since 2005. Only one, on 1 April 2002 at Lauwersmeer, Groningen, was on an earlier date than this one. The species has been seen between 1 April and 4 December.

Greater Short-toed Lark / Kortteenleeuwerik
Calandrella brachydactyla 3,37,1
25 April, Breskens, Sluis, Zeeland, sound-recorded (R van der Vliet, S Schilperoort et al)
2007 21 November to 20 January 2008, Noordhollands Duinreservaat, Castricum, Noord-Holland, photographed.
The 2007/08 record concerns a date extension; it was previously accept ed until 7 January (Ovaa et al 2009).

Eurasian Crag Martin / Rotszwaluw
Ptyonoprogne rupestris 0,6,1
30 November to 12 December, Sint Pietersberg, Maastricht, Limburg, first-winter, photographed (M Opdenakker, J Geens, J Smeets et al; Berlijn et al 2010; Birding World 22: 493, 2009, Dutch Birding 31: 60, plate 72, 73, plate 92-93, 2010).
After six individuals in coastal provinces in November 2006, this individual stayed in the extreme south-eastern part of the country near a stone quarry.

Greenish Warbler / Grauwe Fitis
Phylloscopus trochiloides 6,45,2
5 June, Kootwijk, Barneveld, Gelderland, photographed, sound-recorded (S Deuzeman et al); 17-21 October, Ouddorp, Goedereede, Zuid-Holland, photographed (N van Houtum, F Neijts, R Brinkhof et al).
2004 3-8 October, Robbenjager, Texel, Noord-Holland, photographed, sound-recorded (W-J Fontijn et al).
The 2004 record concerns a date extension; it was first accepted for 3-6 October (van der Vliet et al 2006).

Hume's Leaf Warbler / Humes Bladkoning
Phylloscopus humei 2,34,1
17-23 October, De Muy, Texel, Noord-Holland, photographed, sound-recorded (J Aalders, L Aalders, W Wind et al).
2008 26 November to 22 December, Lauwersmeer, De Marne, Groningen, photographed, sound-recorded (R Ubels, R W J Mulder et al; Dutch Birding 31: 64, plate 54, 2009).

Radde's Warbler / Raddes Boszanger
Phylloscopus schwarzi 2,20,1
27-28 September, Katwijk aan Zee, Katwijk, Zuid-Holland, photographed (M Langbroek, T J C Luijendijk, R van Rossum et al; Dutch Birding 31: 401, plate 562, 2009).

Dusky Warbler / Bruine Boszanger
Phylloscopus fuscatus 1,56,3
27 October, Kroonspolders, Vlieland, Friesland, ringed, photographed (B Ubels); 11 November, Noordhollands Duinreservaat, Castricum, Noord-Holland, ringed, photograph ed (A Wijker et al; Dutch Birding 32: 70, plate 90, 2010); 22 November, Gemaal Leemans, Wieringermeer, ringed, photographed (B Winters; Dutch Birding 32: 70, plate 91, 2010).

Siberian Chiffchaff / Siberische Tjiftjaf
Phylloscopus collybita tristis -,32,2
27 October to 9 November, Noordwijkerhout, Zuid-Holland, photographed, sound-recorded (M Wielstra, R van Rossum, A B van den Berg et al; Dutch Birding 31: 401, plate 558, 2009); 8 November, IJmuiden, Velsen, Noord-Holland, photographed, sound-recorded (R Slaterus).
2008 21 December to 2 January 2009, Lienden, Buren, Gelderland, photographed, sound-recorded (W Janssen, D Groenendijk et al).
2007 7 February to 9 April, De Bilt, Utrecht, photographed, sound-recorded (W Reinboud, R F J van Beusekom et al; Dutch Birding 29: 126, plate 167, 193, plate 263, 2007).
The 2008 and 2009 records fit well in the late autumn and winter occurrence of this taxon in north-western Europe. The bird at Lienden was reported up to 28 February but not well documented after 2 January; up to three greyish chiffchaffs (probably P c abietinus) with calls not fitting tristis were present at the same site in early 2009. The report of a bird trapped at Bloemendaal aan Zee, Kennemerduinen, Noord-Holland, on 18 October is still in circulation and several reports have not (yet) been submitted. 'Classic' individuals, cold brownish birds lacking yellow and green tones in their plumage and with black bare parts, can be easily identified, especially when heard calling. The bird seen and frequently heard at De Bilt in 2007 was, on the other hand, a more difficult individual with more greyish plumage and paler bare-parts coloration. However, it called frequently and constantly as Siberian. It is argued that these types of birds are best regarded as Siberian (van den Berg & The Sound Approach 2009) and, hence, it was accepted as such, albeit after extensive debate.

Iberian Chiffchaff / Iberische Tjiftjaf
Phylloscopus ibericus 2,20,1
5 June to 7 July, Ramplaankwartier, Haarlem, Noord-Holland, singing, photographed, sound-recorded (K Hendriks, F Visscher, E B Ebels et al).

Pallas's Grasshopper Warbler / Siberische Sprinkhaanzanger
Locustella certhiola 0,6,2
30 September, Noordhollands Duinreservaat, Castricum, Noord-Holland, first-year, ringed, photographed (H Levering, A Wijker et al); 3 October, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, first-year, photographed (F van der Lans, T J C Luijendijk, B Gaxiola et al; van der Lans & Ebels 2009).
The bird at Maasvlakte was the first to be discovered and observed in the field and thus not found in a ringer's net. Only c 25 birders managed to see this individual, which stayed in cover for most of the time. In addition, observation of the bird was seriously hampered by very windy conditions causing a local sand storm. Sadly, it disappeared from view c two hours after its discovery and before more people could connect with this extraordinary find.

River Warbler / Krekelzanger
Locustella fluviatilis 6,47,2
8-9 June, Sneekermeer, Sneek, Friesland, singing, photographed, sound-recorded (J Welbedacht, B Sienema; Dutch Birding 31: 266, plate 332, 2009); 11-26 June, Nietap, Noordenveld, Drenthe, singing, photographed, sound-recorded (A van der Kloet, E Dijkstra et al).

Booted Warbler / Kleine Spotvogel
Iduna caligata 0,14,1
12-18 September, De Cocksdorp, Texel, Noord-Holland, first-winter, photographed, videoed (D Kok, D Groenendijk, S Rijnbeek et al; Dutch Birding 31: 399, plate 555, 2009).
2001 21 September, AW-duinen, Zandvoort, Noord-Holland, ringed, photographed (H Vader et al).

Paddyfield Warbler / Veldrietzanger
Acrocephalus agricola 1,25,2
14 June, Voorboezem, Wieringen, Noord-Holland, ring ed, photographed (B Winters, J Wierdsma, G Wierdsma; Dutch Birding 31: 266, plate 331, 2009); 9 September, Kennemerduinen, Bloemendaal, Noord-Holland, ringed, photographed (C van Deursen, P Bergkamp, H Akkerman).
2008 10 September, AW-duinen, Zandvoort, Noord-Holland, ringed, photographed (H Vader, M Schalkwijk).

Blyth's Reed Warbler / Struikrietzanger
Acrocephalus dumetorum 0,9,1
23 and 27 October, AW-duinen, Zandvoort, Noord-Holland, ringed (retrapped on 27 October), photographed (H Vader, B Oosterbaan).
The report of a much-debated singing bird sound-recorded and photographed at Scherpenissepolder, Zeeland, on 17 June and possibly still present on 18-19 June is still under consideration.

Black-throated Thrush / Zwartkeellijster
Turdus atrogularis 0,6,1
30 October to 2 November, 't Horntje, Texel, Noord-Holland, adult female, photographed, videoed (K Oosterbeek, H Verdaat, C Kraan et al; Dutch Birding 31: 398, plate 554, 2009, 32: 69, plate 89, 2010).

Thrush Nightingale / Noordse Nachtegaal
Luscinia luscinia 7,62,2
19 May to 12 June, Leuvenheim, Brummen, Gelderland, singing, sound-recorded (B Coenen et al); 2-13 June, Brabantsche Biesbosch, Werkendam, Noord-Brabant, singing, sound-recorded (T O V Muusse, P A Wolf, B Verhoeven et al).
A bird ringed at Zwanenwater, Noord-Holland, on 25 May has only recently been submitted.

Red-spotted Bluethroat / Roodsterblauwborst
Luscinia svecica svecica 24,48,0
2008 18 May, De Cocksdorp, Texel, Noord-Holland, male, photographed, videoed (D Kok, M Plomp, E Menkveld et al; Dutch Birding 30: 281, plate 346, 2008); 1 June, Oostvaardersdijk, Almere, Flevoland, adult male, ringed, photographed (A V Eggenhuizen, C J Breek et al).
The CDNA will review all records because of possible confusion with 'orange-spotted' White-spotted Bluethroats L s cyanecula (cf Ebels & Duivendijk 2010).

Red-flanked Bluetail / Blauwstaart
Tarsiger cyanurus 1,7,1
9 October, Oranjezon, Veere, Zeeland, first-winter, ringed, photographed (A Joosse, R Joosse; Dutch Birding 31: 401, plate 559, 2009).

Siberian Stonechat / Aziatische Roodborsttapuit
Saxicola maurus 9,27,0
2000 16-18 December, Westplaat, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, first-winter male (P A Wolf).
This concerns a date extension of a bird previously accept ed for 16-17 December (van der Vliet et al 2005).

Isabelline Wheatear / Izabeltapuit
Oenanthe isabellina 0,5,1
19 September, Westerse Veld, Vlieland, Friesland, photographed (J Vlot, H P J van Veelen, G J ter Haar et al; Dutch Birding 31: 401, plate 561, 2009).

Pied Wheatear / Bonte Tapuit
Oenanthe pleschanka 0,13,1
24 October, Buurdergrie, Ameland, Friesland, first-year male, photographed (J Ingenbleek).
This bird was found by a birder without a camera who managed to convince a passing non-birding tourist to take some photographs. Thanks to this, the photographs were eventually uploaded to the internet, extensively discussed to exclude Eastern Black-eared Wheatear O melanoleuca), and identified with certainty.

Desert Wheatear / Woestijntapuit
Oenanthe deserti 1,22,1
7 June, Zunderdorp, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, second calendar-year female, photographed (S Laan, E Dekker, F Haakman et al; Dutch Birding 31: 265, plate 327, 2009).
This was the first June record. There are only two previous spring records, both from April, and all other records were between 23 September and 28 December.

Rufous-tailed Rock Thrush / Rode Rotslijster
Monticola saxatilis 1,8,1
30 April to 1 May, Veenhuizerstukken, Stadskanaal, Groningen, male, photographed (N Vogelzang, W van Ommen, E B Ebels et al; Birding World 22: 194, 2009, Dutch Birding 31: 203, plate 233, 2009).

Alpine Accentor / Alpenheggemus
Prunella collaris 0,5,3
26-29 April, Eibergen, Berkelland, Gelderland, photographed, sound-recorded, videoed (R Wantia et al; Dutch Bird ing 31: 204, plate 235-236, 2009); 7 May, Molenheide, Mill en Sint Hubert, Noord-Brabant, two, photographed (A Jacobs; Dutch Birding 31: 266, plate 333, 2009; Birding World 23: 33, 2010).
The two individuals together, more than 100 km inland, constituted one of the most extraordinary records of 2009. The birds were not immediately recognized by the discoverer who uploaded the photograph to www.waarneming.nl, after which they were identified by astonished 'internet birders'. The April record concerned a nicely showing individual even further inland, staying for a few days at a private garden.

Spanish Sparrow / Spaanse Mus
Passer hispaniolensis 0,2,2
18-20 April, Den Hoorn, Texel, Noord-Holland, male, photographed, (A Dijksen, K Kikkert, K Kikkert; Versteeg 2009; Dutch Birding 31: 208, plate 241, 2009); 20-27 April, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, male, photographed (J van 't Hof, P van 't Hof et al; Versteeg 2009; Dutch Birding 31: 208, plate 240, 2009).
A flock of up to nine Spanish Sparrows in April at Eemshaven, Groningen (Versteeg 2009) is still in circulation, as the identification of female-type birds and the last date of their stay are still subject of discussion.

Citrine Wagtail / Citroenkwikstaart
Motacilla citreola 0,20,3
26 April, Kamperveen, Kampen, Overijssel, first-summer male, photographed (F Sollie); 2-7 September, Poelgeest, Oegstgeest, Zuid-Holland, first-winter, photographed, sound-recorded (K Hendriks, E B Ebels et al; Dutch Birding 31: 401, plate 560, 2009); 23-28 October, Oost-Vlieland, Westerse Veld and Kroonspolders, Vlieland, Friesland, first-winter, photographed (T M van der Have, P Verbraak, M Versluijs et al).
The sightings on Vlieland are assumed to refer to the same bird, even if the distance between Kroonspolders (where it was observed on 25 October) and the other two sites (where it was seen on 23 and 27-28 October) is c 8 km. A first-year photographed at Ooijpolder, Gelderland, on 19 August (Dutch Birding 31: 326, plate 432, 2009) is still in circulation.

Olive-backed Pipit / Siberische Boompieper
Anthus hodgsoni 0,21,0
2008 18 October, Lange Paal, Vlieland, Friesland, two, photographed (L Buckx, J D Eerdmans, P W W de Rouw et al; Dutch Birding 30: 442, plate 528, 2008).
This is the second time that two individuals were seen together. The previous time was from 12 January to 8 February 1991 near Noordwijk, Zuid-Holland (van den Berg & Bosman 2001)

Parrot Crossbill / Grote Kruisbek
Loxia pytyopsittacus 15,610,1
5 January, Schoorl, Bergen, Noord-Holland, adult male, photographed (K Klaij).
Only one bird proved to be acceptable although more were reported during November and December 2008 (but not accepted) near Schoorl, where a flock had been present in the winter of 2007/08. The lack of sound-recordings and good photographs made it very hard to eliminate large-billed Red Crossbills L curvirostra. It should be noted that 610 is the combined total for 1980-92 and 2002-08; the species was not considered in 1993-2001.

Rustic Bunting / Bosgors
Emberiza rustica 14,67,-
2008 23 September to 15 October, Kroonspolders, Vlieland, Friesland, first-year male, ringed, photographed (G Bochem, H Bouwmeester, H Vonk et al).
This bird was retrapped no less than six times, on 24, 25, 28 and 29 September and on 1 and 15 October (Holmer Vonk in litt). This species is no longer considered from 1 January 2009 onwards but the CDNA welcomes reports from before this date.

Baltimore Oriole / Baltimoretroepiaal
Icterus galbula 0,1,1
2 December to 14 April 2010, Oudorp, Alkmaar, Noord-Holland, first-winter male, photographed, sound-recorded, videoed (J van der Ploeg, M Argeloo, D Doodeman et al; Argeloo 2010; Birding World 23: 10, 2010, Dutch Birding 32: 61, plate 75, 74, plate 94-96, 2010).
The presence of this bird became widely known about a month after it was first photographed, and it was visited by numerous birders from early January 2010 onwards. It stayed in the suburbs of Alkmaar, moving through backyards and frequently visiting bird feeders. It constituted the second record, the previous one being a first-winter female trapped on Vlieland, Friesland, in October 1987. This transatlantic vagrant has also been wintering in (sub)urban habitat three times in Britain.

Systematic list of rejected reports
This list contains all records not accepted by the CDNA. Records marked with @ were rejected by all committee members in the first or second voting. Most records were rejected because the identification was not fully established (often due to lack of documentation) or when the bird showed signs of captivity, such as dubious rings, excessive wear and/or aberrant behaviour. Species for which the CDNA unanimously decided that all records up to and including 2009 refer to birds of captive origin are indicated with *. This included records of birds of which all ancestors are assumed to be of captive origin (introduced species of British category C).

Ross's x Barnacle Goose / Ross' Gans x Brandgans Anser rossii x Branta leucopsis, 10 January, Scharendijke, Schouwen-Duiveland, Zeeland, photographed (@ other hybrids, especially Snow Goose A caerulescens x Barnacle Goose were not excluded; probably this individual was photographed at the same site on 3 January and at Moriaanshoofd, Schouwen-Duiveland, Zeeland, on 18 January and reported as Snow x Barnacle Goose hybrid); 24 January, Yerseke Moer, Reimerswaal, Zeeland, photographed (@ other hybrids, especially Snow x Barnacle Goose not excluded); 8 May, Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, photographed (@ other hybrids, especially Snow x Barnacle Goose not excluded). Siberian Greylag Goose / Siberische Grauwe Gans Anser anser rubrirostris 11 February, Exloërveen, Borger-Odoorn, Drenthe, photographed (@ no description, photograph too blurry and dark to show any detail). * Barrow's Goldeneye / IJslandse Brilduiker Bucephala islandica 27 January, Nijefurd, Friesland, adult male, photographed (@ identification accepted, but this individual was tame, and c 1 km to the north several Barrow's Goldeneyes were held in captivity). Baikal Teal / Siberische Taling Anas formosa 29 March, Son, Son en Breugel, Noord-Brabant (@ identification accepted; because there was no information about the bird's behaviour and the absence (or presence) of signs of former captivity, it was not accepted as a wild bird). Scopoli's/Cory's Shearwater / Scopoli's/Kuhls Pijlstormvogel Calonectris diomedea/borealis, 4 October, Waddenzee, Ameland, Friesland (@ description incomplete); 19 October, Zandvoort, Noord-Holland (@ description incomplete and partly wrong). Squacco Heron / Ralreiger Ardeola ralloides 4 May, Nieuwe Keverdijkse Polder, Naarden, Noord-Holland (@ incomplete description of bird flying by and only seen for a few seconds). Egyptian Vulture / Aasgier Neophron percnopterus 24 April, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, adult (@ incomplete description; the observer saw this bird flying above the city without binoculars, and identified it the next day when an Egyptian Vulture was seen at Wieringermeer). Griffon Vulture / Vale Gier Gyps fulvus 14 May, Boxtel, Noord-Brabant (@ description incomplete, other raptors not excluded). Short-toed Snake Eagle / Slangenarend Circaetus gallicus 10 May, Cottessen, Vaals, Limburg (@ description incomplete); 5 July, Tynaarlo, Drenthe (@ description incomplete). Pallid Harrier / Steppekiekendief Circus macrourus 30 April, Mariënwaerdt, Geldermalsen, Gelderland (@ description incomplete). Gyr Falcon / Giervalk Falco rusticolus 4 March, Egmond aan Zee, Bergen, Noord-Holland (@ hybrids between different species of large falcons not excluded). * Grey-headed Swamphen / Grijskoppurperkoet Porphyrio poliocephalus 23 May, Kockengen, Breukelen, Utrecht, photographed (@ identification accepted but the CDNA doubts a wild origin because of the bird's confiding behaviour and its habitat (grassland); there was no information about it being ringed or not); 8-25 July, De Meern, Utrecht, Utrecht, photographed (@ identification accepted; probably same bird as individual recorded near Kockengen; at De Meern, it stayed in a little marsh in a park surrounded by houses; it was confiding and even ate bread crumbs on one occasion). Roseate Tern / Dougalls Stern Sterna dougallii 13 April, Huisduinen, Den Helder, Noord-Holland, adult (@ description incomplete and partly wrong; Arctic Tern S paradisaea not excluded); 13 June, Dijkmanshuizen, Texel, Noord-Holland, adult summer (@ description incomplete, amongst others no information about tail length and no description of underwing). Boreal Owl / Ruigpootuil Aegolius funereus 3 April, Steenbergen, Noordenveld, Drenthe (@ description incomplete). Blue-cheeked Bee-eater / Groene Bijeneter Merops persicus 21 May, Achter de Zwarten, De Marne, Groningen (@ description incomplete). Lesser Grey Shrike / Kleine Klapekster Lanius minor 29 July Oostvaardersplassen, Lelystad, Flevoland (@ description incomplete). Greater Short-toed Lark / Kortteenleeuwerik Calandrella brachydactyla 28 September, Schiermonnikoog, Friesland (@ description incomplete). Dusky Warbler / Bruine Boszanger Phylloscopus fuscatus 14 October, Westkapelle, Veere, Zeeland, sound-recorded (@ bird was not seen but only heard for a short time; recording was not convincing). Cirl Bunting / Cirlgors Emberiza cirlus 20 November, Verdronken Land van Saeftinghe, Hulst, Zeeland (@ description incomplete).

2008
Greenland White-fronted Goose / Groenlandse Kolgans Anser albifrons flavirostris 30 January, Prinsenbeek, Breda, Noord-Brabant, eight (description incomplete). * Canvasback / Grote Tafeleend Aythya valisineria 22 August to 22 November, Hoefijzermeer, Castricum, Noord-Holland, adult male, photographed, videoed (Reijnders & Ebels 2004; Birdwatch 12 nr 128: 62, 2003, Birding World 16: 10, 2003, 17: 23, 2004, Dutch Birding 25: 74, plate 60-61, 133, plate 121, 140, plate 133, 2003, 26: 181, plate 249, 182, plate 250-252, 2004, 27: 431, plate 540, 2005, 28: 396, plate 566, 2006, 30: 50, plate 64, 2008; @ the CDNA reconsidered this record after photographs showed the bird had a wing-clip; see main text). Cory's Shearwater / Kuhls Pijlstormvogel Calonectris borealis, 2 December, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland (Dutch Birding 31: 64, plate 51, 2009; @ identification accepted but bird arrived in the harbour on board a ship, and the CDNA was not convinced that it had landed there in Dutch waters; proven ship-assisted birds are not accepted on the Dutch list). Atlantic Great Cormorant / Grote Aalscholver Phalacrocorax carbo carbo 3 August, Putten, Bergen, Noord-Holland, adult, photographed (Continental Great Cormorant P c sinensis not excluded). Griffon Vulture / Vale Gier Gyps fulvus 31 May, Boxmeer, Noord-Brabant (@ description incomplete, not all eagle and vulture species excluded). Short-toed Snake Eagle / Slangenarend Circaetus gallicus 31 May, Zevenhuizen, Leek, Groningen (@ description partly wrong, European Honey Buzzard Pernis apivorus not excluded). Pallid Harrier / Steppekiekendief Circus macrourus 11 May, Eemshaven-Oost, Eemsmond, Groningen, adult female (@ CDNA requires photographs of this plumage type for acceptance). Long-legged Buzzard / Arendbuizerd Buteo rufinus 11 October, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, photographed (photograph and description were just not detailed enough for such a rare vagrant). Collared Pratincole / Vorkstaartplevier Glareola pratincola 24 August, Graauw, Hulst, Zeeland, adult, winter plumage (@ very short and incomplete description). Franklin's Gull / Franklins Meeuw Larus pipixcan 19 November, Noordwijk aan Zee, Noordwijk, Zuid-Holland (@ description of bird flying by not detailed enough to exclude hybrid between Mediterranean Gull L melanocephalus and Mew Gull L canus). Ring-billed x Mew Gull / Ringsnavelmeeuw x Stormmeeuw Larus delawarensis x canus 24-27 April, Zandvoortweg, Middelburg, Zeeland, third-calendar year, photographed (Dutch Birding 30: 203, plate 240-241, 2008; this individual showed some anomalies for Ring-billed Gull, eg, a dark eye; however, the CDNA was not convinced that this bird was a hybrid; lack of knowledge about the plumage of such hybrid makes recognition problematic; the bird was not considered acceptable as (pure) Ring-billed, either). Siberian Chiffchaff / Siberische Tjiftjaf Phylloscopus collybita tristis 29 November, Foxholstermeer, Hoogezand-Sappemeer, Groningen, ringed, photographed (@ Scandinavian Chiffchaff P c abietinus not excluded). River Warbler / Krekelzanger Locustella fluviatilis 25 May, Almere, Flevoland (not sound-recorded and not seen, only heard singing for a very short time). White's Thrush / Goudlijster Zoothera aurea 17 October, Westkapelle, Veere, Zeeland (description not detailed enough). Pied Wheatear / Bonte Tapuit Oenanthe pleschanka 22 November, Lauwersoog, De Marne, Groningen (@ description limits choice to Pied, Western Black-eared O hispanica or Eastern Black-eared Wheatear O melanoleuca but description not detailed enough to clinch the identification; the CDNA will discuss if this three-species group should be treated as an 'acceptable unit'; there is one previous record of a bird accepted as 'pleschanka/melanoleuca', on Vlieland, Friesland, on 13 October 1992). Collared Flycatcher / Withalsvliegenvanger Ficedula albicollis 21 October, Nes, Ameland, Friesland, first-calendar-year, photographed (@ Pied Flycatcher F hypoleuca not excluded). Eastern Yellow Wagtail / Oostelijke Gele Kwikstaart Motacilla tschutschensis 13 October, Vlieland, Friesland, photographed (@ it is not (yet) possible to distinguish this taxon from other (sub)species of yellow wagtail, even if its call is heard, or preferably, recorded; hybrid Yellow x Citrine Wagtail M citreola may also be a pitfall); 15 October, Groene Strand, Ameland, Friesland (@ it is not (yet) possible to distinguish this taxon from other (sub)species of yellow wagtail, even if its call is heard, or preferably, recorded; hybrid Yellow x Citrine Wagtail may also be a pitfall). Citrine Wagtail / Citroenkwikstaart Motacilla citreola 8 June, Renesse, Schouwen-Duiveland, Zeeland, adult female (description incomplete). Parrot Crossbill / Grote Kruisbek Loxia pytyopsittacus 19 November (four), 22 December (four) and 30 December, Schoorlse Duinen, Bergen, Noord-Holland (@ without sound-recordings or good photographs, as in this case, it is very difficult to distinguish this species from Red Crossbill L curvirostra, especially from types with larger bill than average).

2007
* Canvasback / Grote Tafeleend Aythya valisneria 27 September to 17 February 2008, Hoefijzermeer, Castricum, Noord-Holland, adult male, photographed (@ see 2008). White-billed Diver / Geelsnavelduiker Gavia adamsii 14 October, Terschelling, Friesland (incomplete description of bird flying by). Black-winged Kite / Grijze Wouw Elanus caeruleus 20 October, Koningshof, Bloemendaal, Noord-Holland, two (@ description incomplete and partly wrong). Parrot Crossbill / Grote Kruisbek Loxia pytyopsittacus 31 December, IJzeren Veld, Huizen, Noord-Holland, two (@ without sound-recordings or good photographs, as in this case, it is very difficult to distinguish this species from Red Crossbill L curvirostra, especially from types with larger bill than average).

2006
* Canvasback / Grote Tafeleend Aythya valisineria 30 September to 13 February, Hoefijzermeer, Castricum, Noord-Holland, adult male, photographed (@ see 2008). Baikal Teal / Siberische Taling Anas formosa, 27 March, Hengelo, Overijssel, male and female, male photographed (@ female was not described or photographed; it was not proven that these birds were unringed). Griffon Vulture / Vale Gier Gyps fulvus 5 June, Neeltje Jans, Veere, Zeeland (@ description short and incomplete). Pallid Harrier / Steppekiekendief Circus macrourus 4 May, De Cocksdorp, Texel, Noord-Holland, first-summer, photographed (first-summer Montagu's Harrier C pygargus not excluded). Eurasian Scops Owl / Dwergooruil Otus scops 4 May, Vlieland, Friesland (@ no description).

2005
* Canvasback / Grote Tafeleend Aythya valisineria 14 October to 8 November, Noordhollands Duinreservaat, Castricum, Noord-Holland, adult male, photographed, videoed (@ see 2008). Pallid Harrier / Steppekiekendief Circus macrourus 3 September, Meliskerke, Veere, Zeeland, juvenile (@ description incomplete, Montagu's Harrier C pygargus not fully excluded).

2004
Short-toed Snake Eagle / Slangenarend Circaetus gallicus 12 August, Bolwerksweide, Deventer, Overijssel (description incomplete).

2003
* Canvasback / Grote Tafeleend Anas valisineria 9 January to 5 March, Noordhollands Duinreservaat, Castricum, Noord-Holland, male, photographed, videoed (@ see 2008).

1999
Daurian Starling / Daurische Spreeuw Agropsar sturninus 15 May, Den Oever, Wieringen, Noord-Holland, male (cf Ebels 2004; identification accepted; however, because this species is such a rare vagrant in north-western Europe (and was, at the time, known to be frequently held in captivity), the CDNA wanted to be absolutely sure about the state of the bird's plumage and bare parts; this bird was seen for 3-4 min sitting in a bush and was not photographed. The CDNA is not convinced that all critical details regarding the bird's plumage and state of the bare parts have been seen and so, after extensive discussion, this record was rejected); 5 November, Duiven, Gelderland, photographed (cf Ebels 2004; Dutch Birding 26: 312, plate 453, 2004); identification accepted; however, because this species is such a rare vagrant in north-western Europe (and was, at the time, known to be frequently held in captivity), the CDNA wanted to know more about the state of the bird's plumage and bare parts and its behaviour towards humans, which proved impossible to retrieve; only one poor photograph is available of this individual).

1977
European Roller / Scharrelaar Coracias garrulus 24 April, Ameland, Friesland (@ description incomplete).

Acknowledgements
The CDNA wishes to thank Bram Rijksen who kindly provided the drawing of the Caspian Plover on p 363. Jan van der Laan provided the information in figure 1 showing the number of species recorded in the Netherlands in each year in 2000-09. The editors of Dutch Birding assisted in checking the contents.

References
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Arjan Ovaa, In de Molt 112, 6268 EJ Margraten, Netherlands
Dick Groenendijk, Elzenstraat 14, 4043 PB Opheusden, Netherlands
Max Berlijn, Wilhelminastraat 9, 6285 AS Epen, Netherlands
CDNA, Duinlustparkweg 98A, 2082 EG Santpoort-Zuid, Netherlands (cdna@dutchbirding.nl)

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